使用 Python 发送 HTML 电子邮件-IT科技

摘要：问题描述：如何使用 Python 在电子邮件中发送 HTML 内容？我可以发送简单的文本。解决方案 1：来自Python v2.7.14 文档 - 18.1.11。电子邮件：示例：以下是如何创建具有备用纯文本版本的 HTML 消息的示例：#! /usr/bin/python import smtplib ...

问题描述：

如何使用 Python 在电子邮件中发送 HTML 内容？我可以发送简单的文本。

解决方案 1：

来自Python v2.7.14 文档 - 18.1.11。电子邮件：示例：

以下是如何创建具有备用纯文本版本的 HTML 消息的示例：

#! /usr/bin/python

import smtplib

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

# me == my email address
# you == recipient's email address
me = "my@email.com"
you = "your@email.com"

# Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg['Subject'] = "Link"
msg['From'] = me
msg['To'] = you

# Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).
text = "Hi!
How are you?
Here is the link you wanted:
http://www.python.org"
html = """\n<html>
  <head></head>
  <body>
    <p>Hi!<br>
       How are you?<br>
       Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted.
    </p>
  </body>
</html>
"""

# Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.
part1 = MIMEText(text, 'plain')
part2 = MIMEText(html, 'html')

# Attach parts into message container.
# According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case
# the HTML message, is best and preferred.
msg.attach(part1)
msg.attach(part2)

# Send the message via local SMTP server.
s = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
# sendmail function takes 3 arguments: sender's address, recipient's address
# and message to send - here it is sent as one string.
s.sendmail(me, you, msg.as_string())
s.quit()

解决方案 2：

以下是Gmail对已接受答案的实现：

import smtplib

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

# me == my email address
# you == recipient's email address
me = "my@email.com"
you = "your@email.com"

# Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg['Subject'] = "Link"
msg['From'] = me
msg['To'] = you

# Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).
text = "Hi!
How are you?
Here is the link you wanted:
http://www.python.org"
html = """\n<html>
  <head></head>
  <body>
    <p>Hi!<br>
       How are you?<br>
       Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted.
    </p>
  </body>
</html>
"""

# Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.
part1 = MIMEText(text, 'plain')
part2 = MIMEText(html, 'html')

# Attach parts into message container.
# According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case
# the HTML message, is best and preferred.
msg.attach(part1)
msg.attach(part2)
# Send the message via local SMTP server.
mail = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)

mail.ehlo()

mail.starttls()

mail.login('userName', 'password')
mail.sendmail(me, you, msg.as_string())
mail.quit()

解决方案 3：

您可以尝试使用我的邮件模块。

from mailer import Mailer
from mailer import Message

message = Message(From="me@example.com",
                  To="you@example.com")
message.Subject = "An HTML Email"
message.Html = """<p>Hi!<br>
   How are you?<br>
   Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted.</p>"""

sender = Mailer('smtp.example.com')
sender.send(message)

解决方案 4：

这是一个发送 HTML 电子邮件的简单方法，只需将 Content-Type 标头指定为“text/html”：

import email.message
import smtplib

msg = email.message.Message()
msg['Subject'] = 'foo'
msg['From'] = 'sender@test.com'
msg['To'] = 'recipient@test.com'
msg.add_header('Content-Type','text/html')
msg.set_payload('Body of <b>message</b>')

# Send the message via local SMTP server.
s = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
s.starttls()
s.login(email_login,
        email_passwd)
s.sendmail(msg['From'], [msg['To']], msg.as_string())
s.quit()

解决方案 5：

对于 python3，改进@taltman 的答案：

使用email.message.EmailMessage而不是email.message.Message来构建电子邮件。
使用email.set_contentfunc，分配subtype='html'参数。而不是低级函数set_payload并手动添加标题。
使用SMTP.send_messagefunc 而不是SMTP.sendmailfunc 来发送电子邮件。
使用with块自动关闭连接。

from email.message import EmailMessage
from smtplib import SMTP

# construct email
email = EmailMessage()
email['Subject'] = 'foo'
email['From'] = 'sender@test.com'
email['To'] = 'recipient@test.com'
email.set_content('<font color="red">red color text</font>', subtype='html')

# Send the message via local SMTP server.
with SMTP('localhost') as s:
    s.login('foo_user', 'bar_password')
    s.send_message(email)

解决方案 6：

这是示例代码。这是从Python Cookbook网站上的代码中得到的启发（找不到确切的链接）

def createhtmlmail (html, text, subject, fromEmail):
    """Create a mime-message that will render HTML in popular
    MUAs, text in better ones"""
    import MimeWriter
    import mimetools
    import cStringIO

    out = cStringIO.StringIO() # output buffer for our message 
    htmlin = cStringIO.StringIO(html)
    txtin = cStringIO.StringIO(text)

    writer = MimeWriter.MimeWriter(out)
    #
    # set up some basic headers... we put subject here
    # because smtplib.sendmail expects it to be in the
    # message body
    #
    writer.addheader("From", fromEmail)
    writer.addheader("Subject", subject)
    writer.addheader("MIME-Version", "1.0")
    #
    # start the multipart section of the message
    # multipart/alternative seems to work better
    # on some MUAs than multipart/mixed
    #
    writer.startmultipartbody("alternative")
    writer.flushheaders()
    #
    # the plain text section
    #
    subpart = writer.nextpart()
    subpart.addheader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
    pout = subpart.startbody("text/plain", [("charset", 'us-ascii')])
    mimetools.encode(txtin, pout, 'quoted-printable')
    txtin.close()
    #
    # start the html subpart of the message
    #
    subpart = writer.nextpart()
    subpart.addheader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
    #
    # returns us a file-ish object we can write to
    #
    pout = subpart.startbody("text/html", [("charset", 'us-ascii')])
    mimetools.encode(htmlin, pout, 'quoted-printable')
    htmlin.close()
    #
    # Now that we're done, close our writer and
    # return the message body
    #
    writer.lastpart()
    msg = out.getvalue()
    out.close()
    print msg
    return msg

if __name__=="__main__":
    import smtplib
    html = 'html version'
    text = 'TEST VERSION'
    subject = "BACKUP REPORT"
    message = createhtmlmail(html, text, subject, 'From Host <sender@host.com>')
    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp_server_address","smtp_port")
    server.login('username', 'password')
    server.sendmail('sender@host.com', 'target@otherhost.com', message)
    server.quit()

解决方案 7：

实际上，yagmail采取了稍微不同的方法。

默认情况下，它会发送 HTML，并针对无法阅读电子邮件的用户自动回退。这已经不是 17 世纪了。

当然，它可以被覆盖，但是这里是：

import yagmail
yag = yagmail.SMTP("me@example.com", "mypassword")

html_msg = """<p>Hi!<br>
              How are you?<br>
              Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted.</p>"""

yag.send("to@example.com", "the subject", html_msg)

有关安装说明和更多强大功能，请查看github。

解决方案 8：

smtplib这是一个使用 CC 和 BCC 选项从 Python 发送纯文本和 HTML 电子邮件的工作示例。

https://varunver.wordpress.com/2017/01/26/python-smtplib-send-plaintext-and-html-emails/

#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

def send_mail(params, type_):
      email_subject = params['email_subject']
      email_from = "from_email@domain.com"
      email_to = params['email_to']
      email_cc = params.get('email_cc')
      email_bcc = params.get('email_bcc')
      email_body = params['email_body']

      msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
      msg['To'] = email_to
      msg['CC'] = email_cc
      msg['Subject'] = email_subject
      mt_html = MIMEText(email_body, type_)
      msg.attach(mt_html)

      server = smtplib.SMTP('YOUR_MAIL_SERVER.DOMAIN.COM')
      server.set_debuglevel(1)
      toaddrs = [email_to] + [email_cc] + [email_bcc]
      server.sendmail(email_from, toaddrs, msg.as_string())
      server.quit()

# Calling the mailer functions
params = {
    'email_to': 'to_email@domain.com',
    'email_cc': 'cc_email@domain.com',
    'email_bcc': 'bcc_email@domain.com',
    'email_subject': 'Test message from python library',
    'email_body': '<h1>Hello World</h1>'
}
for t in ['plain', 'html']:
    send_mail(params, t)

解决方案 9：

如果你想要更简单的东西：

from redmail import EmailSender
email = EmailSender(host="smtp.myhost.com", port=1)

email.send(
    subject="Example email",
    sender="me@example.com",
    receivers=["you@example.com"],
    html="<h1>Hi, this is HTML body</h1>"
)

Pip 从PyPI安装 Red Mail ：

pip install redmail

Red Mail 很可能满足您发送电子邮件的所有需求，它具有许多功能，包括：

附件
模板（使用 Jinja）
嵌入图像
美化表格
以抄送或密送形式发送
Gmail 预配置

文档：https：//red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

源代码：https://github.com/Miksus/red-mail

解决方案 10：

我可能在这里回答得晚了，但问题询问了发送 HTML 电子邮件的方法。使用像“电子邮件”这样的专用模块是可以的，但我们可以在不使用任何新模块的情况下实现相同的结果。这一切都归结为 Gmail 协议。

下面是我仅使用“smtplib”发送 HTML 邮件的简单示例代码。此代码仅适用于发送简单且较小的 HTML 内容。

import smtplib

FROM = "....@gmail.com"
TO = "another....@gmail.com"
SUBJECT= "Subject"
PWD = "thesecretkey"

TEXT="""
<h1>Hello</h1>
""" #Your Message (Even Supports HTML Directly)

message = f"Subject: {SUBJECT}
From: {FROM}
To: {TO}
Content-Type: text/html

{TEXT}" #This is where the stuff happens

try:
    server=smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com",587)
    server.ehlo()
    server.starttls()
    server.login(FROM,PWD)
    server.sendmail(FROM,TO,message)
    server.close()
    print("Successfully sent the mail.")
except Exception as e:
    print("Failed to send the mail..", e)

解决方案 11：

这是我对使用 boto3 的 AWS 的回答

    subject = "Hello"
    html = "<b>Hello Consumer</b>"

    client = boto3.client('ses', region_name='us-east-1', aws_access_key_id="your_key",
                      aws_secret_access_key="your_secret")

client.send_email(
    Source='ACME <do-not-reply@acme.com>',
    Destination={'ToAddresses': [email]},
    Message={
        'Subject': {'Data': subject},
        'Body': {
            'Html': {'Data': html}
        }
    }

解决方案 12：

从 Office 365 中的组织帐户发送电子邮件的最简单解决方案：

from O365 import Message

html_template =     """ 
            <html>
            <head>
                <title></title>
            </head>
            <body>
                    {}
            </body>
            </html>
        """

final_html_data = html_template.format(df.to_html(index=False))

o365_auth = ('sender_username@company_email.com','Password')
m = Message(auth=o365_auth)
m.setRecipients('receiver_username@company_email.com')
m.setSubject('Weekly report')
m.setBodyHTML(final_html_data)
m.sendMessage()